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Nemo/USBNetworking

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Here is script that is tested on Fedora 15/16 and OpenSUSE 12.1 with Nokia N900/N950/N9.
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= Simplified setup instructions =
 +
 
 +
Simplified version should work 99% of the machines and distributions, if you run into troubles, then use old more complicated instructions.
 +
 
 +
Add following lines to /etc/network/interfaces file on linux side.
 +
 
 +
  allow-hotplug usb0
 +
  auto usb0
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  iface usb0 inet static
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          address 192.168.2.14
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          netmask 255.255.255.0
 +
          up iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
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          up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
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          down iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
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          down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
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Restart network manager for the changes to take effect: "'''sudo stop network-manager; sudo start network-manager'''". After that magic should happen when you plug and unplug the cable.
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On device side you only optionally need to do following as root
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/sbin/route add default gw 192.168.2.14
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echo nameserver 208.67.222.222 > /etc/resolv.conf
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...if there is no default-gw set already. Default gw should come from '''/etc/usb-moded/usb-moded.ini''' automatically.
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On some distros, it might be necessary to disable the firewall or configure it to do the masquerading. On Fedora 19, you can disable the firewall using:
 +
 
 +
  sudo systemctl stop firewalld
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 +
= Old more complicated instructions =
 +
 
 +
These instructions are tested on Nokia N900/N950/N9 and a host machine that uses NetworkManager (with Gnome 3 interface, but other environments should have similar tools).
 +
 
 +
To get a stable MAC address, run this as root on the device:
 +
 
 +
echo options g_ether host_addr=00:11:22:33:44:55 > /etc/modprobe.d/g_ether.conf
 +
 
 +
Once you plug in the usb cable, what happens on the host side is that NetworkManager will try to configure the interface using DHCP (if the host uses NetworkManager, that is). There's no DHCP available, so the connection will fail. You should tell NetworkManager to use manual configuration:
 +
 
 +
# Open "Network Settings"
 +
# Select the right "Wired" connection (the one with "Hardware Address" of 00:11:22:33:44:55).
 +
# Go to "Options..."
 +
# Open the "IPv4 Settings" tab.
 +
# Change the "Method" from "Automatic (DHCP)" to "Manual".
 +
# Click "Add" on the "Addresses" section.
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# Enter "192.168.2.14" as the address and "255.255.255.0" as the netmask. The gateway can be left empty (which means that your host machine won't try to route its own internet data through the device).
 +
 
 +
Now you can use ssh to connect to the device from the host machine. For making life a bit easier, you can add this snippet to ~/.ssh/config:
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 +
Host nemo
 +
        HostName 192.168.2.15
 +
        User nemo
 +
 
 +
This allows you to just run "ssh nemo" to log in to the device as user nemo.
 +
 
 +
If you want to set up a full internet connection from the device through the host machine, you'll need to make the host machine a router and set up the name server and routing parameters on the device.
  
 
Connect the device with usb cable to your host pc and run following commands
 
Connect the device with usb cable to your host pc and run following commands
Line 13: Line 68:
 
  echo "route add default gw 192.168.2.14"
 
  echo "route add default gw 192.168.2.14"
  
 +
Note: for ubuntu users you might find iptables under /sbin
 +
 +
By default device clock starts on year 1970. If you do not modify this, you might get error on zypper:
 +
 +
Error code: Unrecognized error
 +
Error message: SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK.
  
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== Making NetworkManager Ignore the Device ==
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What you need to do is setup the clock straight, e.g. issue this command at host PC:
  
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At least on my Ubuntu 12.04 machine, NetworkManager seems to get a bit confused when I insert the USB cable (it tries, and retries, without success, to automatically to set up the network connection to N900). This is how to make NetworkManager ignore the device:
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export DATE=$(date) ; ssh root@192.168.2.15 date -s \"$DATE\"
  
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Plug in the USB cable, and check the MAC address (HWAddr) of usb0:
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To change the ip and or add a default gateway this can be achieved by editing /etc/usb-moded/usb-moded.ini
  
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/sbin/ifconfig
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Add a section that looks a bit like this:
  
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Write this to /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf (replace the address with your device's address):
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[network]
 +
ip = <ip of your fancy>
 +
gateway = <gateway you like>
  
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[keyfile]
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== Network interfaces names ==
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unmanaged-devices=mac:FA:B5:04:7D:39:2B
+
  
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Restart NetworkManager (this command works on Ubuntu 12.04, restarting services may be done differently on different systems):
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After adding a new connection in network manager, you may find it's called 'eth2'. To rename it in '''/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules''' on host machine, you can optionally edit the 'eth2' name:
  
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sudo service network-manager restart
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<div style="font-family:monospace;padding-left:40px;">
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<nowiki>#</nowiki> USB device 0x0525:0xa4a2 (usb)<br>
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SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:01:10:22:03:30", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="<font color="red">eth2</font>"<br>
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</div>

Latest revision as of 16:32, 29 January 2014

[edit] Simplified setup instructions

Simplified version should work 99% of the machines and distributions, if you run into troubles, then use old more complicated instructions.

Add following lines to /etc/network/interfaces file on linux side. 

 allow-hotplug usb0
 auto usb0
 iface usb0 inet static
         address 192.168.2.14
         netmask 255.255.255.0
         up iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
         up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
         down iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
         down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Restart network manager for the changes to take effect: "sudo stop network-manager; sudo start network-manager". After that magic should happen when you plug and unplug the cable.

On device side you only optionally need to do following as root 

/sbin/route add default gw 192.168.2.14
echo nameserver 208.67.222.222 > /etc/resolv.conf

...if there is no default-gw set already. Default gw should come from /etc/usb-moded/usb-moded.ini automatically.

On some distros, it might be necessary to disable the firewall or configure it to do the masquerading. On Fedora 19, you can disable the firewall using: 

 sudo systemctl stop firewalld

[edit] Old more complicated instructions

These instructions are tested on Nokia N900/N950/N9 and a host machine that uses NetworkManager (with Gnome 3 interface, but other environments should have similar tools).

To get a stable MAC address, run this as root on the device: 

echo options g_ether host_addr=00:11:22:33:44:55 > /etc/modprobe.d/g_ether.conf

Once you plug in the usb cable, what happens on the host side is that NetworkManager will try to configure the interface using DHCP (if the host uses NetworkManager, that is). There's no DHCP available, so the connection will fail. You should tell NetworkManager to use manual configuration:

  1. Open "Network Settings"
  2. Select the right "Wired" connection (the one with "Hardware Address" of 00:11:22:33:44:55).
  3. Go to "Options..."
  4. Open the "IPv4 Settings" tab.
  5. Change the "Method" from "Automatic (DHCP)" to "Manual".
  6. Click "Add" on the "Addresses" section.
  7. Enter "192.168.2.14" as the address and "255.255.255.0" as the netmask. The gateway can be left empty (which means that your host machine won't try to route its own internet data through the device).

Now you can use ssh to connect to the device from the host machine. For making life a bit easier, you can add this snippet to ~/.ssh/config: 

Host nemo
        HostName 192.168.2.15
        User nemo

This allows you to just run "ssh nemo" to log in to the device as user nemo.

If you want to set up a full internet connection from the device through the host machine, you'll need to make the host machine a router and set up the name server and routing parameters on the device.

Connect the device with usb cable to your host pc and run following commands 

sudo /sbin/ifconfig usb0 up 192.168.2.14
sudo /usr/sbin/iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
sudo /usr/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

# Rest of these are here just to print something that is needed for the device to get routing work.
NAME_SERVER=`cat /etc/resolv.conf | grep "nameserver" | head -1`
echo "echo $NAME_SERVER > /etc/resolv.conf"
echo "route add default gw 192.168.2.14"

Note: for ubuntu users you might find iptables under /sbin

By default device clock starts on year 1970. If you do not modify this, you might get error on zypper: 

Error code: Unrecognized error
Error message: SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK.

What you need to do is setup the clock straight, e.g. issue this command at host PC: 

export DATE=$(date) ; ssh root@192.168.2.15 date -s \"$DATE\"

To change the ip and or add a default gateway this can be achieved by editing /etc/usb-moded/usb-moded.ini

Add a section that looks a bit like this: 

[network]
ip = <ip of your fancy>
gateway = <gateway you like>

[edit] Network interfaces names

After adding a new connection in network manager, you may find it's called 'eth2'. To rename it in /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules on host machine, you can optionally edit the 'eth2' name:

# USB device 0x0525:0xa4a2 (usb)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:01:10:22:03:30", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2"

Retrieved from "https://wiki.merproject.org/wiki/index.php?title=Nemo/USBNetworking&oldid=4344"
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